哈密濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比(bi)電(dian)阻過低，塵(chen)粒(li)難以保持(chi)在集(ji)塵(chen)電(dian)極上，致使其重(zhong)返(fan)氣流。比(bi)電(dian)阻過高，到達集(ji)塵(chen)電(dian)極的塵(chen)粒(li)電(dian)荷(he)不易放(fang)出(chu)，在塵(chen)層之間(jian)形成(cheng)電(dian)壓梯度會產生局部擊穿和放(fang)電(dian)現象。

這些情況都會造成除塵(chen)(chen)效率下(xia)降。工作原(yuan)理/靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)器用強(qiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場使(shi)(shi)(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)(li)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在其通過除塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)時,帶正(zheng)/負(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)微(wei)粒(li)(li)分(fen)(fen)別被負(fu)(fu)/正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)板(ban)吸附,即達到除塵(chen)(chen)目的(de).由(you)于輻(fu)射摩擦等原(yuan)因，空氣中含有(you)少量的(de)自(zi)(zi)由(you)離(li)子(zi)，單靠這些自(zi)(zi)由(you)離(li)子(zi)是不可(ke)能(neng)使(shi)(shi)(shi)含塵(chen)(chen)空氣中的(de)塵(chen)(chen)粒(li)(li)充(chong)分(fen)(fen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)。因此(ci)，要利用靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)(shi)(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)分(fen)(fen)離(li)須具備兩(liang)個基本條件，一是存(cun)在使(shi)(shi)(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場；二是存(cun)在使(shi)(shi)(shi)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)(li)分(fen)(fen)離(li)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場。一般的(de)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)器采用荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場和分(fen)(fen)離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場合一的(de)方法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)的(de)金屬棒接高(gao)壓直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)負(fu)(fu)極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)接地(di)為正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)可(ke)以(yi)采用圓(yuan)管，也可(ke)以(yi)采用平板(ban)。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升高到數值后(hou)，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極附近的(de)離子(zi)獲得(de)了(le)較(jiao)高的(de)能量和(he)速度，它們撞擊空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)的(de)中(zhong)性(xing)原子(zi)時，中(zhong)性(xing)原子(zi)會分(fen)解成(cheng)正、負離子(zi)，這種現(xian)象稱為空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離。空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離后(hou)，由于聯鎖反(fan)應，在極間(jian)運動的(de)離子(zi)數大(da)大(da)增加(jia)，表(biao)現(xian)為極間(jian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)急劇增加(jia)，空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)成(cheng)了(le)導體。放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極周(zhou)圍的(de)空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)全(quan)部(bu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離后(hou)，在放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極周(zhou)圍可以看見一圈(quan)淡藍色的(de)光(guang)環(huan)，這個光(guang)環(huan)稱為電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范(fan)圍通(tong)常局限于金屬(shu)棒周(zhou)圍幾毫米(mi)處。

空(kong)氣在電(dian)暈(yun)范圍(wei)電(dian)離(li)后，正離(li)子(zi)很快向負極移動(dong)，只(zhi)有(you)負離(li)子(zi)才會進入電(dian)暈(yun)外區(qu)，向陽極移動(dong)。含塵空(kong)氣通(tong)過電(dian)除塵器(qi)時，由于電(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)的(de)范圍(wei)很小(xiao)，只(zhi)有(you)少量(liang)的(de)塵粒(li)在電(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)通(tong)過，獲得正電(dian)荷，沉積在電(dian)暈(yun)極上(shang)。

大多數塵粒在(zai)電(dian)暈(yun)外區通過，獲(huo)得負電(dian)荷，沉積(ji)在陽極板上，當塵(chen)埃聚(ju)集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。