貴陽濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過(guo)低，塵(chen)粒(li)難(nan)以保持(chi)在(zai)(zai)集塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)上，致使其重返氣流。比(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過(guo)高，到達集塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的塵(chen)粒(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷不(bu)易放出，在(zai)(zai)塵(chen)層(ceng)之間形成電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓梯度會產生局(ju)部擊(ji)穿和放電(dian)(dian)(dian)現象。

這些(xie)情況(kuang)都會造成除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效率下降。工作原理/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)用強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場使灰(hui)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)其(qi)通過除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)時,帶正(zheng)/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的(de)(de)微(wei)粒分(fen)(fen)別被負/正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)板吸附,即(ji)達到除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)目(mu)的(de)(de).由(you)于輻射摩(mo)擦(ca)等原因，空(kong)氣中含有(you)少量的(de)(de)自由(you)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)，單靠這些(xie)自由(you)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)是(shi)不(bu)可(ke)能使含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)空(kong)氣中的(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒充分(fen)(fen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)。因此，要利用靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)分(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)須具(ju)備兩(liang)個基本條件，一(yi)(yi)是(shi)存在(zai)使粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場；二是(shi)存在(zai)使荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒分(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場。一(yi)(yi)般的(de)(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)采(cai)用荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場和分(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場合(he)一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)方法(fa)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)金屬棒接高(gao)壓直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)負極(ji)(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)接地為正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)可(ke)以(yi)采(cai)用圓管(guan)，也可(ke)以(yi)采(cai)用平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升(sheng)高到數值后(hou)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)附近的(de)(de)離子(zi)獲得了(le)較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)(de)能量和速度，它(ta)們撞擊(ji)空(kong)氣(qi)中的(de)(de)中性原子(zi)時，中性原子(zi)會分解成(cheng)正、負離子(zi)，這種(zhong)現象稱為空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離。空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離后(hou)，由于(yu)聯鎖反應，在極(ji)間運動的(de)(de)離子(zi)數大大增加，表(biao)現為極(ji)間的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流急劇增加，空(kong)氣(qi)成(cheng)了(le)導體。放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周圍(wei)的(de)(de)空(kong)氣(qi)全部(bu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離后(hou)，在放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周圍(wei)可(ke)以看(kan)見一圈淡藍色(se)的(de)(de)光(guang)環，這個光(guang)環稱為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍(wei)通常局限(xian)于(yu)金屬(shu)棒周圍(wei)幾(ji)毫(hao)米(mi)處。

空(kong)氣在電暈(yun)(yun)范(fan)圍電離(li)(li)后(hou)，正離(li)(li)子很快向(xiang)負極(ji)移動(dong)，只有(you)負離(li)(li)子才會進入電暈(yun)(yun)外區(qu)，向(xiang)陽極(ji)移動(dong)。含塵空(kong)氣通過電除塵器時，由于(yu)電暈(yun)(yun)區(qu)的(de)范(fan)圍很小，只有(you)少量(liang)的(de)塵粒(li)在電暈(yun)(yun)區(qu)通過，獲得正電荷，沉(chen)積(ji)在電暈(yun)(yun)極(ji)上。

大多數塵粒在電暈外區(qu)通過(guo)，獲(huo)得(de)負電荷，沉積(ji)在陽(yang)極板(ban)上，當塵(chen)埃聚集(ji)到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。