貴港濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比(bi)電(dian)阻(zu)過(guo)低(di)，塵粒(li)難以保持在集塵電(dian)極(ji)上，致使(shi)其重(zhong)返氣(qi)流。比(bi)電(dian)阻(zu)過(guo)高(gao)，到達集塵電(dian)極(ji)的塵粒(li)電(dian)荷不(bu)易放出(chu)，在塵層之間形成電(dian)壓梯度會產生局(ju)部擊穿和放電(dian)現象。

這(zhe)些情況(kuang)都會造成除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效率下降。工作原理(li)/靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)用(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場使(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在其通過除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極時,帶正/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)(he)的微粒(li)分(fen)別被(bei)負/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極板吸附,即達到除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)目的.由于(yu)輻射(she)摩擦(ca)等原因，空氣中含有少量的自(zi)由離(li)子(zi)，單靠這(zhe)些自(zi)由離(li)子(zi)是(shi)不(bu)可(ke)能(neng)使(shi)含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)空氣中的塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)充分(fen)荷(he)(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的。因此，要利用(yong)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)分(fen)離(li)須具(ju)備兩個基本(ben)條件(jian)，一是(shi)存在使(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)荷(he)(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場；二是(shi)存在使(shi)荷(he)(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)分(fen)離(li)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場。一般的靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)采用(yong)荷(he)(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場和分(fen)離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場合一的方法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極的金屬棒接高壓直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的負極，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極接地(di)為正極，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極可(ke)以(yi)(yi)采用(yong)圓管，也可(ke)以(yi)(yi)采用(yong)平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電(dian)壓升(sheng)高到數值后(hou)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)附近(jin)的(de)(de)離(li)子(zi)獲得(de)了較高的(de)(de)能量(liang)和速度，它(ta)們撞擊(ji)空氣中的(de)(de)中性原子(zi)時(shi)，中性原子(zi)會分(fen)解(jie)成正、負離(li)子(zi)，這種(zhong)現(xian)象(xiang)稱為空氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)。空氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后(hou)，由于聯鎖反應，在極(ji)間運動(dong)的(de)(de)離(li)子(zi)數大大增加，表現(xian)為極(ji)間的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流急劇增加，空氣成了導體(ti)。放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周圍(wei)的(de)(de)空氣全部(bu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后(hou)，在放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周圍(wei)可以看見一圈淡藍色(se)的(de)(de)光環，這個(ge)光環稱為電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)器的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍(wei)通常(chang)局限(xian)于金屬(shu)棒周圍(wei)幾毫米處。

空(kong)氣在電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍電(dian)(dian)離(li)后，正離(li)子很快向負極(ji)移動(dong)，只(zhi)有(you)負離(li)子才(cai)會進入電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)外區(qu)，向陽極(ji)移動(dong)。含塵空(kong)氣通過電(dian)(dian)除塵器時，由于電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)的范圍很小，只(zhi)有(you)少(shao)量的塵粒在電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)通過，獲得正電(dian)(dian)荷(he)，沉(chen)積在電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極(ji)上。

大多數(shu)塵粒(li)在電暈外區通過(guo)，獲得負電荷，沉積在陽極板上，當塵(chen)埃(ai)聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。