廣元濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電阻過(guo)低(di)，塵(chen)粒(li)難以保持在集(ji)塵(chen)電極上，致使其重返氣(qi)流。比電阻過(guo)高(gao)，到達集(ji)塵(chen)電極的塵(chen)粒(li)電荷不易放出，在塵(chen)層之(zhi)間(jian)形成電壓梯度(du)會產生(sheng)局(ju)部擊穿和(he)放電現象。

這些(xie)情況(kuang)都(dou)會(hui)造成除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效率(lv)下降。工作原理/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器用(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)使(shi)(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在其通過除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)時(shi),帶正/負(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)(de)(de)微粒(li)分別被負(fu)/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)板吸(xi)附,即達到除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de).由(you)于輻射(she)摩擦等原因，空氣中含有少量的(de)(de)(de)自(zi)由(you)離(li)子，單靠這些(xie)自(zi)由(you)離(li)子是(shi)(shi)不(bu)可(ke)能使(shi)(shi)含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)空氣中的(de)(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)充(chong)分荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)。因此(ci)，要利用(yong)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)分離(li)須具備兩個(ge)基本條(tiao)件，一是(shi)(shi)存在使(shi)(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)；二(er)是(shi)(shi)存在使(shi)(shi)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)分離(li)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)。一般的(de)(de)(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器采用(yong)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)和分離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)合一的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)(de)(de)金屬(shu)棒(bang)接高(gao)壓直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)負(fu)極(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)接地為正極(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)可(ke)以(yi)采用(yong)圓管，也可(ke)以(yi)采用(yong)平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升(sheng)高到數(shu)值后，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極附近的(de)(de)離子(zi)獲得了(le)較高的(de)(de)能量和(he)速度，它們撞擊(ji)空(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)中(zhong)性(xing)原子(zi)時，中(zhong)性(xing)原子(zi)會分(fen)解成(cheng)正、負離子(zi)，這種現象稱為空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離。空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離后，由于聯鎖反應，在(zai)極間運動的(de)(de)離子(zi)數(shu)大(da)大(da)增加(jia)，表現為極間的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流急劇增加(jia)，空(kong)氣(qi)成(cheng)了(le)導體。放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極周圍的(de)(de)空(kong)氣(qi)全部(bu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離后，在(zai)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極周圍可以(yi)看見一圈淡藍(lan)色的(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)環(huan)，這個光(guang)(guang)環(huan)稱為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵器的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈范(fan)圍通常局限于金屬棒周圍幾毫米處(chu)。

空(kong)氣在(zai)電(dian)暈范圍電(dian)離(li)后，正離(li)子(zi)很(hen)快向負極(ji)移動，只有負離(li)子(zi)才會進入(ru)電(dian)暈外區(qu)(qu)，向陽極(ji)移動。含塵(chen)空(kong)氣通過電(dian)除塵(chen)器時，由(you)于電(dian)暈區(qu)(qu)的(de)范圍很(hen)小，只有少量的(de)塵(chen)粒在(zai)電(dian)暈區(qu)(qu)通過，獲得正電(dian)荷，沉積在(zai)電(dian)暈極(ji)上。

大多數塵粒在電暈外區(qu)通過，獲(huo)得負(fu)電荷，沉積在陽極板上(shang)，當塵埃聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。