廣西濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)阻(zu)過(guo)低，塵(chen)粒難以保(bao)持在集(ji)(ji)塵(chen)電(dian)極上(shang)，致使其重(zhong)返氣流(liu)。比電(dian)阻(zu)過(guo)高，到達集(ji)(ji)塵(chen)電(dian)極的塵(chen)粒電(dian)荷不易(yi)放(fang)出(chu)，在塵(chen)層(ceng)之間形成電(dian)壓(ya)梯度會產生局(ju)部(bu)擊穿(chuan)和放(fang)電(dian)現象。

這(zhe)(zhe)些情況都會造成除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效率下降。工作原理(li)/靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)用強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場使灰塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒(li)(li)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在其通過除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極時(shi),帶正(zheng)/負(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)(de)(de)微(wei)粒(li)(li)分(fen)(fen)別(bie)被負(fu)/正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極板(ban)吸(xi)附,即達到除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de)(de).由(you)(you)于輻射摩擦等(deng)原因，空氣(qi)中含(han)有少量的(de)(de)(de)自由(you)(you)離(li)子，單靠這(zhe)(zhe)些自由(you)(you)離(li)子是(shi)不可(ke)(ke)能使含(han)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)空氣(qi)中的(de)(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)(li)充分(fen)(fen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)。因此，要利用靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)分(fen)(fen)離(li)須(xu)具備兩個基(ji)本(ben)條件，一(yi)是(shi)存在使粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場；二是(shi)存在使荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒(li)(li)分(fen)(fen)離(li)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場。一(yi)般的(de)(de)(de)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)采用荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場和(he)分(fen)(fen)離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場合(he)一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)方法，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)屬(shu)棒接高壓直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)負(fu)極，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極接地為正(zheng)極，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極可(ke)(ke)以(yi)采用圓管(guan)，也可(ke)(ke)以(yi)采用平板(ban)。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升(sheng)高到數值后(hou)(hou)，放電(dian)極(ji)附近的(de)(de)離子(zi)獲(huo)得了較高的(de)(de)能量和速度，它們(men)撞擊空(kong)氣中的(de)(de)中性原子(zi)時，中性原子(zi)會分解(jie)成正、負離子(zi)，這(zhe)種現(xian)象稱(cheng)為空(kong)氣電(dian)離。空(kong)氣電(dian)離后(hou)(hou)，由(you)于(yu)聯鎖反應(ying)，在極(ji)間運(yun)動(dong)的(de)(de)離子(zi)數大(da)大(da)增(zeng)加(jia)，表現(xian)為極(ji)間的(de)(de)電(dian)流急劇增(zeng)加(jia)，空(kong)氣成了導體(ti)。放電(dian)極(ji)周(zhou)圍(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)空(kong)氣全部電(dian)離后(hou)(hou)，在放電(dian)極(ji)周(zhou)圍(wei)(wei)可以看(kan)見(jian)一圈淡藍色的(de)(de)光環，這(zhe)個光環稱(cheng)為電(dian)暈(yun)。電(dian)除塵器的(de)(de)電(dian)暈(yun)范圍(wei)(wei)通常局限于(yu)金屬棒周(zhou)圍(wei)(wei)幾毫(hao)米處。

空(kong)氣在(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍(wei)電(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)后(hou)，正離(li)(li)子(zi)很快向(xiang)負極移動，只有(you)負離(li)(li)子(zi)才會進入電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)外區，向(xiang)陽極移動。含塵(chen)空(kong)氣通過電(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)器時(shi)，由于電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區的范圍(wei)很小，只有(you)少量的塵(chen)粒(li)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區通過，獲得正電(dian)(dian)荷，沉積(ji)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極上。

大多(duo)數塵(chen)粒在電暈外區通過，獲得負(fu)電荷，沉積在陽極板上，當(dang)塵埃聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。