定西濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)阻過低，塵(chen)粒(li)難以保持在集(ji)塵(chen)電(dian)極(ji)上，致(zhi)使其重返氣流(liu)。比電(dian)阻過高，到達集(ji)塵(chen)電(dian)極(ji)的塵(chen)粒(li)電(dian)荷不易放出(chu)，在塵(chen)層之間形成電(dian)壓梯度會產生局部擊穿和放電(dian)現象(xiang)。

這(zhe)些(xie)情況都會造成(cheng)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效率(lv)下降。工作(zuo)原(yuan)理(li)/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器用強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)使(shi)(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)(li)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在其通過除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極時,帶(dai)正(zheng)/負(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)(de)(de)微(wei)粒(li)(li)分(fen)別(bie)被負(fu)/正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極板(ban)吸附,即(ji)達到除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de)(de).由(you)于(yu)輻射摩擦等原(yuan)因，空(kong)氣(qi)中含有少量的(de)(de)(de)自(zi)由(you)離(li)子(zi)，單靠(kao)這(zhe)些(xie)自(zi)由(you)離(li)子(zi)是(shi)不(bu)可(ke)能使(shi)(shi)含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)空(kong)氣(qi)中的(de)(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)(li)充分(fen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)。因此，要利(li)用靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)(shi)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)分(fen)離(li)須具備兩個(ge)基(ji)本條件，一是(shi)存在使(shi)(shi)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)；二是(shi)存在使(shi)(shi)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)(li)分(fen)離(li)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)。一般的(de)(de)(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器采(cai)用荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)和分(fen)離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)合(he)一的(de)(de)(de)方法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極的(de)(de)(de)金屬棒(bang)接高壓直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)負(fu)極，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極接地為(wei)正(zheng)極，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極可(ke)以(yi)采(cai)用圓(yuan)管，也可(ke)以(yi)采(cai)用平板(ban)。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升(sheng)高到數(shu)值后，放電(dian)極(ji)附近(jin)的(de)(de)離(li)子(zi)獲得(de)了(le)較高的(de)(de)能量和速度，它們撞(zhuang)擊空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)中的(de)(de)中性原子(zi)時，中性原子(zi)會分解成正、負離(li)子(zi)，這種現象稱(cheng)為(wei)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)電(dian)離(li)。空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)電(dian)離(li)后，由于聯鎖反應(ying)，在極(ji)間(jian)運(yun)動(dong)的(de)(de)離(li)子(zi)數(shu)大大增(zeng)加，表(biao)現為(wei)極(ji)間(jian)的(de)(de)電(dian)流急(ji)劇增(zeng)加，空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)成了(le)導體。放電(dian)極(ji)周圍(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)全部電(dian)離(li)后，在放電(dian)極(ji)周圍(wei)(wei)可以看(kan)見一(yi)圈(quan)淡藍(lan)色的(de)(de)光(guang)環(huan)，這個光(guang)環(huan)稱(cheng)為(wei)電(dian)暈。電(dian)除(chu)塵器的(de)(de)電(dian)暈范圍(wei)(wei)通常局限于金屬(shu)棒周圍(wei)(wei)幾毫(hao)米處。

空(kong)(kong)氣在電(dian)暈范圍(wei)電(dian)離后，正離子很快向負(fu)極移動，只有(you)負(fu)離子才會進入電(dian)暈外區，向陽極移動。含塵(chen)空(kong)(kong)氣通過電(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)時，由于電(dian)暈區的(de)范圍(wei)很小(xiao)，只有(you)少量(liang)的(de)塵(chen)粒在電(dian)暈區通過，獲得正電(dian)荷(he)，沉(chen)積(ji)在電(dian)暈極上。

大多數塵粒(li)在電(dian)暈外(wai)區通過(guo)，獲得負電(dian)荷，沉積在陽極板(ban)上，當塵埃聚集(ji)到(dao)程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。