丹東濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比(bi)電(dian)阻(zu)過低(di)，塵粒難以保持在(zai)集(ji)塵電(dian)極上，致使其重返(fan)氣流。比(bi)電(dian)阻(zu)過高，到達集(ji)塵電(dian)極的(de)塵粒電(dian)荷(he)不易(yi)放出，在(zai)塵層(ceng)之間(jian)形成電(dian)壓梯度會產生局部擊穿和放電(dian)現象。

這些情(qing)況(kuang)都會造成除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效率下降。工作(zuo)原(yuan)理/靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)用(yong)(yong)強(qiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)使(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒(li)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)其(qi)通過(guo)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極時,帶正/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)(de)微(wei)粒(li)分別被(bei)負/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極板吸附,即達(da)到除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de).由于輻射(she)摩擦等原(yuan)因，空氣(qi)中(zhong)含有(you)少量的(de)(de)自由離(li)子，單(dan)靠這些自由離(li)子是不可能使(shi)含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)空氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)充分荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)。因此，要利(li)用(yong)(yong)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)分離(li)須具備兩(liang)個基本條件，一是存在(zai)使(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)；二是存在(zai)使(shi)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒(li)分離(li)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)。一般的(de)(de)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)和分離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)合一的(de)(de)方(fang)法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極的(de)(de)金(jin)屬棒(bang)接高壓直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)負極，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極接地為正極，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極可以采(cai)用(yong)(yong)圓管，也可以采(cai)用(yong)(yong)平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升高(gao)到數值(zhi)后，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)附近的(de)(de)離(li)子獲得(de)了較(jiao)高的(de)(de)能量和速度，它們撞擊空氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)中(zhong)性原(yuan)子時，中(zhong)性原(yuan)子會分解成(cheng)正、負(fu)離(li)子，這種現象(xiang)稱(cheng)為空氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)。空氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后，由(you)于聯鎖反(fan)應，在(zai)極(ji)(ji)間運動的(de)(de)離(li)子數大大增加，表現為極(ji)(ji)間的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流急(ji)劇(ju)增加，空氣(qi)成(cheng)了導體。放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)周(zhou)圍的(de)(de)空氣(qi)全部電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后，在(zai)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)周(zhou)圍可以看見一圈淡藍色的(de)(de)光環，這個光環稱(cheng)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵器的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈范圍通常局限于金(jin)屬棒周(zhou)圍幾毫(hao)米處。

空氣在電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范(fan)圍電(dian)(dian)離后，正離子(zi)很(hen)快向(xiang)負極移動(dong)(dong)，只有(you)負離子(zi)才會進入電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)外區，向(xiang)陽極移動(dong)(dong)。含(han)塵(chen)空氣通過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)器時(shi)，由于電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區的范(fan)圍很(hen)小，只有(you)少(shao)量(liang)的塵(chen)粒在電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區通過(guo)(guo)，獲得正電(dian)(dian)荷，沉積(ji)在電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極上。

大多數(shu)塵(chen)粒(li)在電暈外區(qu)通過，獲得負電荷，沉積在陽極(ji)板上，當(dang)塵埃聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。