崇左濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電阻過低，塵(chen)粒難(nan)以保(bao)持在(zai)集塵(chen)電極(ji)上，致使其重返氣(qi)流。比電阻過高(gao)，到達(da)集塵(chen)電極(ji)的塵(chen)粒電荷不易放出，在(zai)塵(chen)層之間形成電壓梯度會產生局部(bu)擊穿和放電現象。

這些情況都會造成除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率下降(jiang)。工作原理/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器用(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)使(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)其(qi)通過除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)時,帶正/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的(de)微粒(li)分(fen)別(bie)被負/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)板(ban)吸附(fu),即達(da)到除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)目(mu)的(de).由(you)于輻射(she)摩擦等原因，空氣(qi)中(zhong)含(han)有少量的(de)自由(you)離子(zi)，單靠這些自由(you)離子(zi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)不可(ke)能(neng)使(shi)含(han)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)空氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)充分(fen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)。因此，要利用(yong)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)分(fen)離須具備兩(liang)個基本條(tiao)件(jian)，一是(shi)(shi)(shi)存在(zai)使(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)；二是(shi)(shi)(shi)存在(zai)使(shi)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)分(fen)離的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)。一般的(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器采用(yong)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)和分(fen)離電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)合一的(de)方法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)金(jin)屬棒接(jie)高壓直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)負極(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)接(jie)地(di)為正極(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)可(ke)以(yi)采用(yong)圓管，也可(ke)以(yi)采用(yong)平板(ban)。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電(dian)壓升高到數值后(hou)(hou)，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極附近(jin)的離(li)子獲得(de)了(le)(le)較高的能量(liang)和速度，它(ta)們撞(zhuang)擊空(kong)(kong)氣中(zhong)的中(zhong)性原(yuan)(yuan)子時(shi)，中(zhong)性原(yuan)(yuan)子會(hui)分(fen)解成正、負離(li)子，這種現象稱為(wei)空(kong)(kong)氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)。空(kong)(kong)氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后(hou)(hou)，由于聯(lian)鎖反應，在極間運動的離(li)子數大(da)大(da)增加，表現為(wei)極間的電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)急(ji)劇增加，空(kong)(kong)氣成了(le)(le)導(dao)體。放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極周(zhou)圍的空(kong)(kong)氣全(quan)部電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后(hou)(hou)，在放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極周(zhou)圍可(ke)以(yi)看見一圈淡(dan)藍(lan)色的光(guang)(guang)環，這個光(guang)(guang)環稱為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器的電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈范圍通常(chang)局(ju)限于金(jin)屬(shu)棒周(zhou)圍幾毫米處。

空氣(qi)在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍電(dian)(dian)(dian)離后，正離子(zi)很(hen)快向(xiang)負極移(yi)動，只有(you)負離子(zi)才會進入電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)外區，向(xiang)陽(yang)極移(yi)動。含塵(chen)空氣(qi)通過電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)器時，由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區的范圍很(hen)小，只有(you)少量的塵(chen)粒在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區通過，獲得正電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷，沉積在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極上。

大多數塵粒在電(dian)暈外區(qu)通過，獲得負電(dian)荷，沉積在陽極板上，當塵埃聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。