赤峰濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過(guo)低，塵(chen)粒(li)難以保持在集(ji)(ji)塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)極上，致使其重(zhong)返氣(qi)流。比電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過(guo)高，到達集(ji)(ji)塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)極的(de)塵(chen)粒(li)電(dian)(dian)荷不易放(fang)出，在塵(chen)層之間形(xing)成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)梯度會產(chan)生局(ju)部擊穿和(he)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)現象。

這些(xie)情(qing)況都會造成(cheng)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效率下降。工作原理/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器用強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)使(shi)灰(hui)塵(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)其通過除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)時,帶正/負(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)的微(wei)粒(li)分(fen)別被負(fu)/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)板(ban)吸附,即(ji)達到(dao)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)目的.由于輻射摩擦等原因，空氣(qi)(qi)中含有少量(liang)的自由離(li)子，單靠這些(xie)自由離(li)子是不可能使(shi)含塵(chen)(chen)空氣(qi)(qi)中的塵(chen)(chen)粒(li)充分(fen)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的。因此，要利用靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)分(fen)離(li)須具備兩個基本(ben)條件，一是存在(zai)使(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)；二是存在(zai)使(shi)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)分(fen)離(li)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)。一般的靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器采(cai)用荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)和分(fen)離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)合一的方法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的金屬(shu)棒接高壓(ya)直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的負(fu)極(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)接地為正極(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)可以(yi)采(cai)用圓管，也可以(yi)采(cai)用平板(ban)。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電(dian)壓升高到數值后，放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)附近的(de)(de)(de)離(li)(li)子(zi)獲得了較高的(de)(de)(de)能量(liang)和速度(du)，它們撞擊(ji)空(kong)(kong)氣中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)性原子(zi)時(shi)，中(zhong)性原子(zi)會(hui)分解成正、負(fu)離(li)(li)子(zi)，這種現(xian)象稱(cheng)為空(kong)(kong)氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)。空(kong)(kong)氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)后，由于(yu)聯鎖反應，在極(ji)(ji)間運動的(de)(de)(de)離(li)(li)子(zi)數大(da)大(da)增加(jia)，表現(xian)為極(ji)(ji)間的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流急劇增加(jia)，空(kong)(kong)氣成了導(dao)體。放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)周圍(wei)的(de)(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)氣全部電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)后，在放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)周圍(wei)可以(yi)看見一圈淡(dan)藍色的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)環(huan)，這個光(guang)環(huan)稱(cheng)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)器的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈范圍(wei)通常局限(xian)于(yu)金(jin)屬棒周圍(wei)幾(ji)毫米(mi)處。

空氣(qi)在電(dian)暈(yun)(yun)范(fan)圍(wei)電(dian)離(li)后，正(zheng)離(li)子很快向負極移(yi)動，只有負離(li)子才會進入(ru)電(dian)暈(yun)(yun)外區(qu)，向陽極移(yi)動。含塵(chen)空氣(qi)通(tong)過電(dian)除塵(chen)器時(shi)，由于電(dian)暈(yun)(yun)區(qu)的范(fan)圍(wei)很小(xiao)，只有少量的塵(chen)粒在電(dian)暈(yun)(yun)區(qu)通(tong)過，獲得正(zheng)電(dian)荷(he)，沉積在電(dian)暈(yun)(yun)極上。

大多數塵粒在電(dian)暈(yun)外區(qu)通過，獲得負電(dian)荷(he)，沉(chen)積在陽極(ji)板上，當塵埃聚集(ji)到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。