成都濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過低，塵(chen)(chen)粒難以保持在(zai)集塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)上，致(zhi)使其重(zhong)返氣流。比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過高，到達集塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的塵(chen)(chen)粒電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷不易放(fang)出，在(zai)塵(chen)(chen)層之間(jian)形成電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓梯度會產生局部(bu)擊穿和放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)現象。

這(zhe)些(xie)情況(kuang)都會造(zao)成(cheng)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效率(lv)下降。工作原理/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)用(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場使(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)其通過除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)時,帶正/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)(de)微(wei)粒分(fen)(fen)別被負/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)板吸(xi)附(fu),即達到除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de).由(you)于輻射(she)摩擦等原因(yin)，空氣中含有少量的(de)(de)自(zi)由(you)離子，單靠(kao)這(zhe)些(xie)自(zi)由(you)離子是不可能使(shi)含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)空氣中的(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒充分(fen)(fen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)。因(yin)此，要利用(yong)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)分(fen)(fen)離須具(ju)備兩(liang)個基本條件，一(yi)是存在(zai)使(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場；二是存在(zai)使(shi)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒分(fen)(fen)離的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場。一(yi)般的(de)(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)采用(yong)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場和分(fen)(fen)離電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場合(he)一(yi)的(de)(de)方(fang)法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)金屬棒接(jie)高(gao)壓(ya)直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)負極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)接(jie)地為正極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)可以(yi)采用(yong)圓管，也(ye)可以(yi)采用(yong)平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升高到數(shu)值(zhi)后，放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)附近的(de)(de)(de)離(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)獲(huo)得了(le)較(jiao)高的(de)(de)(de)能量和速(su)度，它們撞擊空氣(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)性(xing)原子(zi)(zi)(zi)時，中(zhong)(zhong)性(xing)原子(zi)(zi)(zi)會分解成正、負離(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，這種現(xian)象(xiang)稱為(wei)空氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)。空氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后，由于聯鎖(suo)反應，在(zai)極(ji)間(jian)運動的(de)(de)(de)離(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)數(shu)大大增(zeng)(zeng)加，表(biao)現(xian)為(wei)極(ji)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流急劇增(zeng)(zeng)加，空氣(qi)成了(le)導體。放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周圍的(de)(de)(de)空氣(qi)全部電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后，在(zai)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周圍可(ke)以看(kan)見一圈淡藍色的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)環，這個光(guang)環稱為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈范圍通常局限于金屬(shu)棒周圍幾(ji)毫米處。

空氣在電(dian)暈(yun)范(fan)(fan)圍電(dian)離后，正離子(zi)很快向(xiang)負(fu)極移動(dong)，只有負(fu)離子(zi)才會進入電(dian)暈(yun)外區，向(xiang)陽極移動(dong)。含塵(chen)(chen)空氣通過(guo)電(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)時，由于電(dian)暈(yun)區的范(fan)(fan)圍很小(xiao)，只有少量的塵(chen)(chen)粒在電(dian)暈(yun)區通過(guo)，獲(huo)得正電(dian)荷，沉(chen)積在電(dian)暈(yun)極上。

大多數塵粒在(zai)電(dian)暈外區通過，獲得負電(dian)荷，沉積(ji)在陽(yang)極板上，當塵埃聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。