長治濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電阻過(guo)低，塵粒難以(yi)保持在(zai)集塵電極(ji)(ji)上，致使其重返氣流。比電阻過(guo)高，到達集塵電極(ji)(ji)的塵粒電荷不易放出(chu)，在(zai)塵層(ceng)之間形成電壓(ya)梯度會產(chan)生局(ju)部擊穿和放電現象。

這(zhe)(zhe)些(xie)情況都會造成(cheng)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效率下(xia)降。工作原理/靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)用強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場使灰塵(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在其通過除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)時,帶(dai)正/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)(de)微(wei)粒分別被負/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)板(ban)吸附,即(ji)達到除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de).由(you)于輻射摩擦等原因，空(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)含有少量(liang)的(de)(de)自由(you)離(li)子，單靠這(zhe)(zhe)些(xie)自由(you)離(li)子是(shi)不可能(neng)使含塵(chen)(chen)空(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)粒充分荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)。因此，要利用靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使粉塵(chen)(chen)分離(li)須具備兩(liang)個基本條(tiao)件，一是(shi)存(cun)在使粉塵(chen)(chen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場；二是(shi)存(cun)在使荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒分離(li)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場。一般的(de)(de)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)采(cai)用荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場和分離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場合一的(de)(de)方(fang)法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)金(jin)屬棒接高壓直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)負極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)接地(di)為(wei)正極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)可以采(cai)用圓管，也可以采(cai)用平板(ban)。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升高(gao)到數值后(hou)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)附近(jin)的(de)離(li)(li)子(zi)獲得了較高的(de)能(neng)量和速度(du)，它(ta)們撞擊空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)中(zhong)性原子(zi)時，中(zhong)性原子(zi)會(hui)分(fen)解(jie)成(cheng)正、負離(li)(li)子(zi)，這(zhe)種現象稱為(wei)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)。空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)后(hou)，由(you)于(yu)聯鎖反應，在(zai)極(ji)間運動的(de)離(li)(li)子(zi)數大大增加，表現為(wei)極(ji)間的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流急劇增加，空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)成(cheng)了導(dao)體。放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周圍(wei)(wei)的(de)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)全部電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)后(hou)，在(zai)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周圍(wei)(wei)可以看見一圈淡藍色的(de)光環(huan)，這(zhe)個光環(huan)稱為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)器(qi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈范圍(wei)(wei)通常局限于(yu)金屬棒周圍(wei)(wei)幾毫(hao)米處。

空氣(qi)(qi)在電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍電(dian)(dian)離后(hou)，正離子很快向負極(ji)移動(dong)，只有負離子才會(hui)進入電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)外(wai)區(qu)，向陽極(ji)移動(dong)。含塵空氣(qi)(qi)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)除塵器時，由于(yu)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)的(de)(de)范圍很小，只有少量的(de)(de)塵粒在電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)，獲得正電(dian)(dian)荷，沉積在電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極(ji)上。

大多數塵粒在電暈外區通過，獲得負電荷，沉積在陽(yang)極板(ban)上，當塵埃聚集到(dao)程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。