博爾塔拉濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過(guo)低，塵(chen)(chen)粒難以保(bao)持在集塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)上，致使其重返氣(qi)流(liu)。比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過(guo)高，到達集塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)塵(chen)(chen)粒電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)不(bu)易(yi)放出，在塵(chen)(chen)層之間形成電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓梯度會(hui)產(chan)生局部擊穿和(he)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)現象。

這些情況(kuang)都會(hui)造(zao)成除(chu)塵(chen)效(xiao)率下降。工作原理/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)用強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)使灰(hui)塵(chen)顆(ke)粒(li)(li)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在其通過除(chu)塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)時,帶正/負(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的微粒(li)(li)分(fen)(fen)別被負(fu)/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)板(ban)吸附,即達(da)到(dao)除(chu)塵(chen)目(mu)的.由(you)于輻射(she)摩擦等原因，空氣中(zhong)含有少量的自由(you)離(li)子，單靠(kao)這些自由(you)離(li)子是不(bu)可能使含塵(chen)空氣中(zhong)的塵(chen)粒(li)(li)充分(fen)(fen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的。因此，要利用靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使粉(fen)塵(chen)分(fen)(fen)離(li)須(xu)具(ju)備兩個基本條件，一是存(cun)在使粉(fen)塵(chen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)；二是存(cun)在使荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)塵(chen)顆(ke)粒(li)(li)分(fen)(fen)離(li)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)。一般(ban)的靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)采(cai)用荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)和分(fen)(fen)離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)合一的方法(fa)，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)的金(jin)屬(shu)棒接高(gao)壓直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的負(fu)極(ji)(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)極(ji)(ji)接地為正極(ji)(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)極(ji)(ji)可以(yi)采(cai)用圓(yuan)管，也可以(yi)采(cai)用平板(ban)。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升高到數(shu)值(zhi)后，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極附近的(de)(de)(de)離(li)(li)(li)子獲得了較高的(de)(de)(de)能量和速度，它(ta)們撞擊空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)中的(de)(de)(de)中性原子時(shi)，中性原子會(hui)分解(jie)成正、負離(li)(li)(li)子，這(zhe)種現(xian)象稱(cheng)為(wei)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)(li)。空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)(li)后，由(you)于(yu)聯鎖反(fan)應(ying)，在極間(jian)運動的(de)(de)(de)離(li)(li)(li)子數(shu)大(da)大(da)增加(jia)，表現(xian)為(wei)極間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流急劇增加(jia)，空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)成了導(dao)體。放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極周(zhou)圍的(de)(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)全部電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)(li)后，在放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極周(zhou)圍可以看見一(yi)圈淡藍色的(de)(de)(de)光環(huan)，這(zhe)個光環(huan)稱(cheng)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈范圍通(tong)常局限于(yu)金屬(shu)棒周(zhou)圍幾毫米處。

空氣(qi)在電(dian)暈范圍電(dian)離后，正離子(zi)很(hen)快向負(fu)(fu)極移(yi)動(dong)，只(zhi)有負(fu)(fu)離子(zi)才會進入電(dian)暈外區，向陽極移(yi)動(dong)。含塵空氣(qi)通(tong)過(guo)電(dian)除塵器時，由于(yu)電(dian)暈區的(de)范圍很(hen)小，只(zhi)有少量的(de)塵粒在電(dian)暈區通(tong)過(guo)，獲(huo)得正電(dian)荷，沉積在電(dian)暈極上(shang)。

大(da)多數塵粒在電(dian)暈外區通過(guo)，獲(huo)得(de)負(fu)電(dian)荷(he)，沉積在陽(yang)極板上(shang)，當塵埃聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。