濱州濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)阻(zu)過低，塵粒(li)難以保持在(zai)集(ji)塵電(dian)極(ji)上(shang)，致使其重返氣流。比電(dian)阻(zu)過高，到達(da)集(ji)塵電(dian)極(ji)的塵粒(li)電(dian)荷不易放出，在(zai)塵層之間形成(cheng)電(dian)壓梯度(du)會(hui)產生局(ju)部擊穿和(he)放電(dian)現(xian)象。

這(zhe)些情況都(dou)會(hui)造成除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率下降。工作原(yuan)理(li)/靜(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)使(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)其通過除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)時,帶(dai)正/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)的(de)微粒(li)分(fen)(fen)別被負/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)板吸附,即達到除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)目的(de).由于輻(fu)射摩擦等原(yuan)因，空(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)含(han)有(you)少量的(de)自(zi)由離(li)子，單(dan)靠(kao)這(zhe)些自(zi)由離(li)子是(shi)不可能使(shi)含(han)塵(chen)(chen)空(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)塵(chen)(chen)粒(li)充分(fen)(fen)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)。因此，要(yao)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)靜(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)分(fen)(fen)離(li)須具備兩個基本條件，一是(shi)存在(zai)使(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)；二是(shi)存在(zai)使(shi)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)分(fen)(fen)離(li)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)。一般的(de)靜(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)和分(fen)(fen)離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)合一的(de)方法(fa)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)金屬棒接高壓(ya)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)負極(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)接地(di)為正極(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)可以采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)圓(yuan)管(guan)，也(ye)可以采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓(ya)升高(gao)到數(shu)值后(hou)，放電(dian)(dian)極附近(jin)的(de)離子(zi)(zi)獲得了較高(gao)的(de)能量和速度，它們(men)撞擊空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)性原子(zi)(zi)時，中(zhong)(zhong)性原子(zi)(zi)會分解(jie)成(cheng)正、負離子(zi)(zi)，這種現象(xiang)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)離。空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)離后(hou)，由于(yu)聯鎖反應，在(zai)(zai)極間(jian)運動的(de)離子(zi)(zi)數(shu)大(da)大(da)增加，表現為(wei)(wei)極間(jian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)流急劇增加，空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)成(cheng)了導體。放電(dian)(dian)極周圍(wei)(wei)的(de)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)全部電(dian)(dian)離后(hou)，在(zai)(zai)放電(dian)(dian)極周圍(wei)(wei)可(ke)以看見一圈淡藍色的(de)光(guang)環(huan)，這個光(guang)環(huan)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵器的(de)電(dian)(dian)暈范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)通常(chang)局限于(yu)金屬棒周圍(wei)(wei)幾毫米處。

空氣在電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈范(fan)圍(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)(li)后，正離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)很快向負(fu)極移動，只有(you)(you)負(fu)離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)才會進入電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈外區(qu)，向陽極移動。含塵空氣通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器時(shi)，由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈區(qu)的范(fan)圍(wei)很小，只有(you)(you)少量的塵粒在電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈區(qu)通(tong)過，獲得正電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷，沉(chen)積在電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈極上。

大多數塵粒在電暈外區通過(guo)，獲(huo)得負電荷，沉積(ji)在陽極板上，當塵埃聚集到(dao)程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。