保山濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過低，塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒難以保(bao)持在(zai)集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)上，致使其重返氣流(liu)。比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過高，到(dao)達集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷不易放出，在(zai)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)層之間形成電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓梯度會產(chan)生局部擊穿和放電(dian)(dian)(dian)現象。

這(zhe)些情(qing)況都會造(zao)成除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效率下降。工(gong)作原理/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)用強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)使灰(hui)塵(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)(li)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)(zai)其通(tong)過除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)時,帶正(zheng)/負(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)(de)微(wei)粒(li)(li)分別被(bei)負(fu)(fu)/正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)板(ban)吸附(fu),即達到(dao)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de).由于(yu)輻射(she)摩擦(ca)等原因，空(kong)氣(qi)中含(han)有少量(liang)的(de)(de)自由離(li)子(zi)，單靠這(zhe)些自由離(li)子(zi)是不可能使含(han)塵(chen)(chen)空(kong)氣(qi)中的(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)粒(li)(li)充分荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)。因此，要利用靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)分離(li)須具備(bei)兩個基本(ben)條件，一(yi)是存(cun)在(zai)(zai)使粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)；二是存(cun)在(zai)(zai)使荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)(li)分離(li)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)。一(yi)般的(de)(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)采(cai)用荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)和分離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)合一(yi)的(de)(de)方法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)金(jin)屬棒(bang)接高壓直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)負(fu)(fu)極(ji)(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)(ji)接地為(wei)正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)(ji)可以(yi)采(cai)用圓管，也可以(yi)采(cai)用平板(ban)。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電(dian)壓升高到(dao)數值后，放電(dian)(dian)極(ji)附近的(de)離(li)子(zi)獲(huo)得了(le)較高的(de)能量和速度(du)，它們(men)撞擊空氣中的(de)中性原(yuan)子(zi)時，中性原(yuan)子(zi)會分解成正(zheng)、負離(li)子(zi)，這種現(xian)象(xiang)稱為(wei)(wei)空氣電(dian)(dian)離(li)。空氣電(dian)(dian)離(li)后，由于聯鎖(suo)反應，在(zai)極(ji)間(jian)運動的(de)離(li)子(zi)數大(da)大(da)增(zeng)加，表現(xian)為(wei)(wei)極(ji)間(jian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)流急劇(ju)增(zeng)加，空氣成了(le)導體。放電(dian)(dian)極(ji)周圍(wei)(wei)的(de)空氣全部電(dian)(dian)離(li)后，在(zai)放電(dian)(dian)極(ji)周圍(wei)(wei)可以看見一(yi)圈淡藍色的(de)光環，這個光環稱為(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)除塵器的(de)電(dian)(dian)暈范圍(wei)(wei)通常局限于金屬棒(bang)周圍(wei)(wei)幾毫米處。

空(kong)氣在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范(fan)圍電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后，正離(li)子很快向(xiang)(xiang)負極移(yi)動(dong)，只(zhi)(zhi)有負離(li)子才(cai)會進入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)外區，向(xiang)(xiang)陽(yang)極移(yi)動(dong)。含塵空(kong)氣通過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器時(shi)，由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區的(de)范(fan)圍很小，只(zhi)(zhi)有少(shao)量的(de)塵粒在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區通過(guo)，獲得(de)正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷，沉積在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極上。

大多(duo)數塵粒在(zai)電(dian)暈外(wai)區通過，獲得負電(dian)荷(he)，沉積(ji)在(zai)陽極板上，當塵(chen)埃(ai)聚集到(dao)程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。