白山濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過低(di)，塵(chen)粒難(nan)以(yi)保持在集塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)上，致(zhi)使其重返氣流。比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過高，到達集塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的塵(chen)粒電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷不易(yi)放出，在塵(chen)層之間形成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓梯度會產生(sheng)局(ju)部擊穿和(he)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)現象。

這(zhe)些情況都會造成(cheng)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效率下(xia)降。工作原(yuan)理/靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)用(yong)(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)使(shi)(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒帶電(dian)(dian)(dian),在其通過除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)時,帶正(zheng)(zheng)/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)(de)微粒分(fen)別被負/正(zheng)(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)板(ban)吸附,即達到除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de).由于輻(fu)射(she)摩擦(ca)等原(yuan)因(yin)，空氣(qi)中(zhong)含有少量的(de)(de)自由離(li)子，單靠這(zhe)些自由離(li)子是(shi)不(bu)可(ke)能使(shi)(shi)含塵(chen)(chen)空氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)粒充(chong)分(fen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)。因(yin)此(ci)，要利(li)用(yong)(yong)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)分(fen)離(li)須(xu)具備兩個基本條件，一(yi)是(shi)存在使(shi)(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)；二是(shi)存在使(shi)(shi)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒分(fen)離(li)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)。一(yi)般的(de)(de)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)和(he)分(fen)離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)合一(yi)的(de)(de)方法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)(de)金屬(shu)棒(bang)接(jie)高壓直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)負極(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)接(jie)地為正(zheng)(zheng)極(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)可(ke)以(yi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)圓(yuan)管，也(ye)可(ke)以(yi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)平板(ban)。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升高到數值后(hou)，放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極附近的(de)離子獲得了較(jiao)高的(de)能量和速度，它們撞擊空(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)中(zhong)性原子時(shi)，中(zhong)性原子會分解成(cheng)正、負離子，這(zhe)(zhe)種現象(xiang)稱為空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離。空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離后(hou)，由(you)于(yu)聯鎖反(fan)應，在極間(jian)(jian)運動的(de)離子數大(da)(da)大(da)(da)增加，表(biao)現為極間(jian)(jian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)急劇增加，空(kong)氣(qi)成(cheng)了導體。放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極周(zhou)圍(wei)的(de)空(kong)氣(qi)全部電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離后(hou)，在放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極周(zhou)圍(wei)可(ke)以看見一圈(quan)淡藍(lan)色的(de)光(guang)環，這(zhe)(zhe)個光(guang)環稱為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈范圍(wei)通常局限于(yu)金(jin)屬棒(bang)周(zhou)圍(wei)幾毫米處(chu)。

空氣在(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范(fan)圍(wei)電(dian)(dian)離(li)后(hou)，正(zheng)離(li)子(zi)(zi)很快(kuai)向負(fu)極移動(dong)，只有負(fu)離(li)子(zi)(zi)才(cai)會進入電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)外區(qu)，向陽(yang)極移動(dong)。含(han)塵(chen)空氣通過電(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)器時，由(you)于電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)的范(fan)圍(wei)很小，只有少量的塵(chen)粒在(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)通過，獲得正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)荷，沉積在(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極上(shang)。

大多數塵粒在電(dian)暈外(wai)區通過，獲得負電(dian)荷(he)，沉積在陽極(ji)板上，當(dang)塵埃聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。