白城濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過低，塵粒難以保持在(zai)集塵電(dian)(dian)極上，致使其重返氣流。比電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過高，到(dao)達集塵電(dian)(dian)極的塵粒電(dian)(dian)荷不易放出，在(zai)塵層(ceng)之間形成電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)梯度會產生局部(bu)擊(ji)穿(chuan)和放電(dian)(dian)現象。

這些(xie)情(qing)況都(dou)會(hui)造(zao)成除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效率下降(jiang)。工作原理/靜電(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)用(yong)強電(dian)(dian)場使(shi)(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒帶電(dian)(dian),在其通過除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時,帶正/負電(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)的微(wei)粒分(fen)別被負/正電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)板(ban)吸附,即(ji)達(da)到(dao)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)目(mu)的.由(you)(you)于輻射(she)摩擦等(deng)原因，空(kong)氣(qi)中含(han)有少量的自由(you)(you)離(li)子(zi)，單靠這些(xie)自由(you)(you)離(li)子(zi)是不可能使(shi)(shi)含(han)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)空(kong)氣(qi)中的塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒充分(fen)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)的。因此，要利用(yong)靜電(dian)(dian)使(shi)(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)分(fen)離(li)須(xu)具備兩個基本條(tiao)件，一(yi)是存在使(shi)(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)的電(dian)(dian)場；二是存在使(shi)(shi)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒分(fen)離(li)的電(dian)(dian)場。一(yi)般的靜電(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)采(cai)用(yong)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)場和分(fen)離(li)電(dian)(dian)場合(he)一(yi)的方法，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的金屬棒接(jie)高壓直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)源的負極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)接(jie)地(di)為正極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)可以采(cai)用(yong)圓管，也(ye)可以采(cai)用(yong)平板(ban)。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓(ya)升(sheng)高到數(shu)值后(hou)(hou)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)附(fu)近的離(li)子(zi)獲得了較高的能量和速度，它們撞擊空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)的中(zhong)性原(yuan)(yuan)子(zi)時，中(zhong)性原(yuan)(yuan)子(zi)會分解成正、負離(li)子(zi)，這種現象稱為空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)。空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后(hou)(hou)，由于(yu)聯鎖反(fan)應(ying)，在極(ji)間(jian)運動(dong)的離(li)子(zi)數(shu)大大增加(jia)，表現為極(ji)間(jian)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流急劇增加(jia)，空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)成了導體。放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周圍(wei)(wei)的空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)全部(bu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后(hou)(hou)，在放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周圍(wei)(wei)可以看見一圈淡藍色的光環，這個光環稱為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)器的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍(wei)(wei)通(tong)常局限于(yu)金屬棒周圍(wei)(wei)幾(ji)毫米處。

空氣在電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍(wei)電(dian)(dian)離后，正離子很快向負極移動，只有(you)負離子才會進入(ru)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)外區，向陽極移動。含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)空氣通過(guo)電(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器時，由于(yu)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區的(de)范圍(wei)很小(xiao)，只有(you)少量(liang)的(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒在電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區通過(guo)，獲得正電(dian)(dian)荷，沉(chen)積在電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極上(shang)。

大多數塵粒在電暈(yun)外區(qu)通過，獲得(de)負電荷，沉積在陽極板上，當塵埃(ai)聚集(ji)到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。