阿壩濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過低，塵(chen)(chen)粒(li)(li)難以保持在集塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極上，致使(shi)其重返氣流(liu)。比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過高，到達集塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極的塵(chen)(chen)粒(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷不易放(fang)出(chu)，在塵(chen)(chen)層(ceng)之(zhi)間形成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓梯度會產生局(ju)部擊穿(chuan)和(he)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)現象(xiang)。

這(zhe)些(xie)情(qing)況都會造成除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效率下降。工作原(yuan)理/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)用強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)使(shi)(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)(li)(li)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)其通過(guo)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極時,帶(dai)正/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的(de)(de)微粒(li)(li)(li)分別被負/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極板(ban)吸(xi)附(fu),即達到除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)目(mu)的(de)(de).由于輻射摩擦等原(yuan)因，空(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)含有少量(liang)的(de)(de)自由離(li)子(zi)(zi)，單靠這(zhe)些(xie)自由離(li)子(zi)(zi)是不可能(neng)使(shi)(shi)含塵(chen)(chen)空(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)粒(li)(li)(li)充分荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)。因此(ci)，要利用靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)分離(li)須具備兩個基本(ben)條件(jian)，一是存(cun)在(zai)使(shi)(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)；二(er)是存(cun)在(zai)使(shi)(shi)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)(li)(li)分離(li)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)。一般的(de)(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)采用荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)和分離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)合一的(de)(de)方法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極的(de)(de)金屬棒接高壓(ya)直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)負極，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)極接地(di)為(wei)正極，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)極可以采用圓管，也可以采用平板(ban)。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電(dian)壓升高到數(shu)值后(hou)，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)附(fu)近的(de)離子(zi)(zi)獲得了較高的(de)能量和速度，它們撞擊空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)中的(de)中性原子(zi)(zi)時，中性原子(zi)(zi)會分解成(cheng)正、負(fu)離子(zi)(zi)，這(zhe)種(zhong)現象稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)離。空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)離后(hou)，由于(yu)聯鎖反應，在極(ji)(ji)間運動的(de)離子(zi)(zi)數(shu)大大增(zeng)加(jia)，表現為(wei)(wei)(wei)極(ji)(ji)間的(de)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)急劇增(zeng)加(jia)，空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)成(cheng)了導體。放(fang)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)周圍(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)全(quan)部(bu)電(dian)(dian)離后(hou)，在放(fang)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)周圍(wei)(wei)(wei)可以看見一(yi)圈淡藍色的(de)光環(huan)，這(zhe)個(ge)光環(huan)稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)。電(dian)(dian)除塵器的(de)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍(wei)(wei)(wei)通常局限于(yu)金屬棒周圍(wei)(wei)(wei)幾毫米(mi)處(chu)。

空(kong)氣在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)范圍電(dian)(dian)(dian)離后，正離子很快(kuai)向負極移(yi)動，只有負離子才(cai)會進入電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)外區(qu)，向陽極移(yi)動。含塵(chen)(chen)空(kong)氣通過電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)器時，由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)區(qu)的(de)范圍很小，只有少量的(de)塵(chen)(chen)粒在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)區(qu)通過，獲得正電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷，沉積(ji)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)極上。

大(da)多數塵粒在(zai)電(dian)暈外區通過，獲得負電(dian)荷(he)，沉積在陽(yang)極板上，當塵(chen)埃聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。